文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：嵌合抗原受体T细胞治疗神经系统自身免疫性疾病的作用靶点研究进展

英文题名：Recent advance in therapeutic targets of chimeric antigen receptor T cells for neuroautoimmune diseases

作者：刘姣姣[1];李君莲[2];张晓燕[2]

第一作者：刘姣姣

机构：[1]甘肃中医药大学第一临床医学院,兰州730000;[2]中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第九四〇医院神经内科,兰州730050

第一机构：甘肃中医药大学临床医学院

年份：2026

卷号：25

期号：2

起止页码：202

中文期刊名：中华神经医学杂志

外文期刊名：Chinese Journal of Neuromedicine

收录：;北大核心:【北大核心2023】；

基金：甘肃中医药大学导师专项(2023YXKY007)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：嵌合抗原受体T细胞;重症肌无力;视神经脊髓炎谱系疾病;多发性硬化;细胞治疗

外文关键词：Chimeric antigen receptor T cell;Myasthenia gravis;Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder;Multiple sclerosis;Cell therapy

摘要：既往针对重症肌无力、视神经脊髓炎谱系疾病、多发性硬化等常见神经系统自身免疫性疾病的治疗以糖皮质激素、免疫抑制剂及单克隆抗体为主。虽然这些药物在一定程度上可缓解疾病症状,但仍存在长期疗效不佳、不良反应较多等不足。最新研究发现,嵌合抗原受体T细胞(CAR-T)在该类疾病中具有治疗潜力,其可通过精准识别并清除异常活化的自身免疫细胞来减少致病性抗体的产生并抑制神经炎症。本文系统综述了CAR-T在该类疾病中的作用靶点与机制,以及当前面临的临床挑战,以期为后续研发更具靶向性与安全性的CAR-T提供理论依据。
Previous treatments for common neuroautoimmune diseases such as myasthenia gravis,neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder,and multiple sclerosis have largely depended on immunosuppressants,glucocorticoids,and monoclonal antibodies.Although these drugs can alleviate symptoms to a certain extent,they are associated with long-term suboptimal efficacy and a high incidence of adverse reactions.Recent studies have revealed that chimeric antigen receptor T(CAR-T)cells exhibit therapeutic potential for neuroautoimmune diseases;they can specifically target and bind to surface antigens expressed on autoreactive immune cells that are abnormally activated,and directly eliminate target cells,thereby reducing pathogenic antibodies and suppressing neuroinflammatory responses.This article systematically summarizes the target sites and mechanisms of CAR-T in the treatment of neuroautoimmune diseases as well as the current clinical challenges that CAR-T faces,aiming to provide a theoretical basis for subsequent development of more targeted and safer CAR-T therapies.