文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：甘南地区藏、汉族高血压患者认知障碍患病率及其影响因素分析:一项横断面调查

英文题名：Morbidity of Cognitive Impairment and Its Influencing Factors of Tibetan and Han Patients with Hypertension in Gannan Area:a Cross-Sectional Survey

作者：张小明[1];李星辉[2];张惠娟[1];尹龙[3]

第一作者：张小明

机构：[1]甘肃中医药大学第一临床医学院,甘肃省兰州市730000;[2]甘肃省人民医院心内科,甘肃省兰州市730000;[3]兰州大学第一临床医学院,甘肃省兰州市730000

第一机构：甘肃中医药大学临床医学院

年份：2025

卷号：33

期号：3

起止页码：39

中文期刊名：实用心脑肺血管病杂志

外文期刊名：Practical Journal of Cardiac Cerebral Pneumal and Vascular Disease

基金：甘肃省卫生健康行业科研计划项目(GSWSKY2021-020);博士研究生导师培育项目(22GSSYA-5)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：高血压;认知障碍;藏族;汉族;影响因素分析

外文关键词：Hypertension;Cognitive impaiment;Tibetan nationality;Han nationality;Root cause analysis

摘要：目的分析甘南地区藏、汉族高血压患者认知障碍(CI)患病率及其影响因素。方法2023年8—9月,采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法分别抽取甘南地区7县1市慢病管理系统中的藏、汉族高血压患者作为调查对象。由经过集中培训的6名调查人员对高血压患者进行面对面调查,调查问卷包括一般资料调查表和简易智力状态检查(MMSE)量表,均当场填写、回收。高血压患者及藏、汉族高血压患者发生CI的影响因素分析均采用多因素Logistic回归分析。结果本研究共发放调查问卷1012份,回收有效调查问卷1012份,有效回收率为100.0%。1012例高血压患者CI患病率为19.1%(193/1012)。藏族高血压患者628例,其CI患病率为22.9%(144/628);汉族高血压患者384例,其CI患病率为12.8%(49/384)。发生CI与未发生CI的高血压患者年龄、性别、民族、婚姻状况、受教育程度、有吸烟史者占比、服用其他降压药物者占比、居住地海拔比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄、性别、民族、受教育程度、居住地海拔是高血压患者发生CI的独立影响因素(P<0.05)。发生CI与未发生CI的藏族高血压患者年龄、婚姻状况、受教育程度、服用其他降压药物者占比、居住地海拔比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。发生CI与未发生CI的汉族高血压患者年龄、性别、受教育程度、有吸烟史者占比比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄、受教育程度、居住地海拔是藏族高血压患者发生CI的独立影响因素(P<0.05),年龄、性别是汉族高血压患者发生CI的独立影响因素(P<0.05)。结论甘南地区高血压患者CI患病率为19.1%,其中藏族高血压患者CI患病率为22.9%、汉族高血压患者CI患病率为12.8%。年龄、性别、民族、受教育程度、居住地海拔是甘南地区高血压患者发生CI的影响因素,年龄、受教育程度、居住地海拔是藏族高血压患者发生CI的独立影响因素,而年龄、性别是汉族高血压患者发生CI的独立影响因素。
Objective To analyze the morbidity of cognitive impairment(CI)and its influencing factors of Tibetan and Han patients with hypertension in Gannan area.Methods From August to September 2023,a multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select Tibetan and Han patients with hypertension in the chronic disease management system of 7 counties and 1 city in Gannan area as the survey objects.A face-to-face survey of patients with hypertension was conducted by 6 investigators who were trained intensively.The questionnaire included General Information Questionnaire and Mini-Mental State Examination(MMSE)Scale,which were filled in and recovered on the spot.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of CI in patients with hypertension,Tibetan patients with hypertension and Han patients with hypertension,respectively.Results A total of 1012 questionnaires were distributed in this study,and 1012 valid questionnaires were recovered,with a recovery rate of 100.0%.The incidence of CI in 1012 patients with hypertension was 19.1%(193/1012).The morbidity of CI in 628 Tibetan patients with hypertension was 22.9%(144/628);the morbidity of CI in 384 Han patients with hypertension was 12.8%(49/384).There were statistically significant differences in age,gender,nationality,marital status,education level,proportion of patients with smoking history,proportion of patients taking other antihypertensive drugs,and altitude of residence between patients with hypertension with CI and those without CI(P<0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age,gender,nationality,education level,and altitude of residence were independent influencing factors of CI in patients with hypertension(P<0.05).There were significant differences in age,marital status,education level,proportion of patients taking other antihypertensive drugs and altitude of residence between Tibetan patients with hypertension with CI and those without CI(P<0.05).There were statistically significant differences in age,gender,education level,proportion of patients with smoking history between Han patients with hypertension with CI and those without CI(P<0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age,education level,and altitude of residence were independent influencing factors for CI in Tibetan patients with hypertension(P<0.05),age,gender were independent influencing factors for CI in Han patients with hypertension(P<0.05).Conclusion The morbidity of CI in patients with hypertension in Gannan area was 19.1%,of which the morbidity of CI in Tibetan patients with hypertension was 22.9%,and the morbidity of CI in Han patients with hypertension was 12.8%.Age,gender,nationality,education level and altitude of residence are the influencing factors of CI in patients with hypertension in Gannan area.Age,education level and altitude of residence are the independent influencing factors of CI in Tibetan patients with hypertension,while age,gender are the independent influencing factors of CI in Han patients with hypertension.