文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：桃儿七养分吸收规律及其与药效成分积累的关系

英文题名：Nutrient absorption of Sinopodophyllum Hexandrum and its relationship with the accumulation of medicinal components

作者：徐晓娟[1];毛洁[1];段莹[1];久西加[1];杜弢[1];陈红刚[1];高素芳[1];王惠珍[1];曾翠云[1]

第一作者：徐晓娟

机构：[1]甘肃中医药大学药学院,甘肃兰州730000

第一机构：甘肃中医药大学药学院（西北中藏药协同创新中心办公室）

年份：2025

卷号：43

期号：5

起止页码：109

中文期刊名：干旱地区农业研究

外文期刊名：Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

收录：;北大核心:【北大核心2023】；

基金：国家中药材产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-21)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：桃儿七;营养元素;养分吸收规律;药效成分积累;采收期

外文关键词：sinopodophyllum hexandrum;nutrient elements;nutrient absorption pattern;medicinal components accumulation;harvest period

摘要：通过研究桃儿七农艺性状、干物质积累、营养元素及药效成分含量变化,明晰桃儿七养分吸收规律及其与药效成分积累的关系。以3年生桃儿七为研究对象,测定不同生育时期农艺性状、干物质积累量、营养元素和根中4类药效成分含量。结果表明:(1)桃儿七各农艺性状指标均随生长期延续呈增长趋势,干物质积累量随着生长期的推进呈现“慢-快-慢”的规律。(2)生长期内对氮肥和钾肥的需求较大,11种营养元素积累量由大到小依次为氮>钾>钙>磷>镁>铁>硫>锰>硼>锌>铜;地上部和地下部氮、磷、钾元素积累量均在出苗后150 d达到较高水平。(3)根中鬼臼毒素、槲皮素、山柰酚积累量的变化规律基本一致,呈先增加后趋于平缓再增加的趋势,4′-去甲鬼臼毒素积累量则先增加后趋于稳定。鬼臼毒素、槲皮素、山柰酚、4′-去甲鬼臼毒素积累量均于枯萎期达到最大值(P<0.05),分别为130.79、3.16、4.37、4.30 mg·株^(-1)。(4)氮、磷、钾、硼元素对药效成分的积累具有促进作用。氮、钾、硼元素含量与槲皮素含量呈显著正相关(P<0.05),磷元素含量与槲皮素和山柰酚含量呈显著正相关(P<0.01),氮元素含量与山柰酚含量呈显著正相关(P<0.05),钾和硼元素含量与鬼臼毒素含量呈极显著正相关(P<0.05),硼元素含量与4′-去甲鬼臼毒素含量呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。钙、铁元素对药效成分的积累可能存在抑制作用。钙元素含量与4′-去甲鬼臼毒素含量呈极显著负相关(P<0.01),与鬼臼毒素含量呈显著负相关(P<0.05),铁元素含量与鬼臼毒素、槲皮素、山柰酚含量呈极显著负相关(P<0.05)。综上所述,桃儿七旺盛生长期(90~150 d)是干物质积累与养分积累最关键的时期,吸收大量元素顺序从高到低为氮>钾>磷,硼元素也是影响品质的关键元素。建议在旺盛生长期施入大量元素,增叶期(30~90 d)追施硼元素。药效成分含量在枯萎休眠期达到最大值,因此9月下旬至10月中旬为药材最佳采收期。
The changes of agronomic traits,dry matter accumulation,nutrient elements,and medicinal components of Sinopodophyllum hexandrum were studied to clarify the nutrient absorption law of S.hexandrum and its relationship with the accumulation of medicinal components.Taking 3-year-old S.hexandrum as the research object,the agronomic traits,dry matter accumulation,nutrient elements,and four kinds of medicinal components in roots were determined at different growth stages.The results showed that,(1)The agronomic traits of S.hexandrum showed an increasing trend with the growth period,and the dry matter accumulation showed a‘slow-fast-slow’rule with the growth period.(2)The demand for nitrogen and potassium fertilizer was large during the growth period,and the accumulation of 11 nutrient elements was in the order of nitrogen>potassium>calcium>phosphorus>magnesium>iron>sulfur>manganese>boron>zinc>copper.The accumulation of nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium in the aboveground and underground parts reached a high level at 150 days after emergence.(3)The changes of podophyllotoxin,quercetin,and kaempferol accumulation in roots were basically the same,showing a trend of increasing first,then leveling off,and then increasing.The accumulation of 4′-demethylpodophyllotoxin increased first and then stabilized.The accumulation of the above four kinds of pharmacodynamic components reached the maximum value(P<0.05),which was 130.79,3.16,4.37 mg,and 4.30 mg per plant,respectively.(4)Nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium,and boron promoted the accumulation of effective components.Nitrogen,potassium,and boron were significantly positively correlated with quercetin content(P<0.05).Phosphorus was significantly positively correlated with quercetin and kaempferol content(P<0.01).Nitrogen was significantly positively correlated with kaempferol content(P<0.05).Potassium and boron were significantly positively correlated with podophyllotoxin content(P<0.05).Boron was significantly positively correlated with 4′-demethylpodophyllotoxin content(P<0.05).Calcium and iron inhibit the accumulation of medicinal ingredients.Calcium was significantly negatively correlated with 4′-demethylpodophyllotoxin content(P<0.01)and podophyllotoxin content(P<0.05).Iron was significantly negatively correlated with podophyllotoxin,quercetin,and kaempferol content(P<0.05).In summary,the uptake activities of pectin calcium and the vigorous growth period(90~150 d)of S.hexandrum are the most critical period for dry matter accumulation and nutrient accumulation.The order of absorbing macro elements is nitrogen,potassium,and phosphorus,and boron is also a key trace element affecting quality.It is suggested that macro elements should be applied in the vigorous growth period,and boron should be applied in the leaf-increasing period(30d~90 d).The content of medicinal components reached its maximum value during the withering dormancy period,so the optimal harvest period is from late September to mid-October.