文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：肥料类型对黄芪产量和品质影响的研究进展

英文题名：Research progress on the effects of different fertilizer types on yield and quality of Astragalus membranaceus

作者：陆国弟[1];侯嘉[1];杜弢[1];杨扶德[1]

第一作者：陆国弟

机构：[1]甘肃中医药大学,陇药产业创新研究院,甘肃兰州730000

第一机构：甘肃中医药大学

年份：2024

卷号：44

期号：4

起止页码：252

中文期刊名：草原与草坪

外文期刊名：Grassland and Turf

收录：CSTPCD;;CSCD:【CSCD_E2023_2024】；

基金：甘肃省科技厅自然基金项目(22JR5RA592);甘肃省教育厅青年博士基金项目(2022QB-099);国家中药材产业技术体系建设专项资金项目(CARS-21);2022年中医药事业传承与发展项目(甘肃省中药炮制技术传承基地)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：黄芪;施肥;产量;质量

外文关键词：Astragalus membranaceus;fertilization;yield;quality

摘要：中药材黄芪不规范施肥现象普遍存在,严重影响其质量。本研究总结了不同肥料类型(氮肥、微肥、有机肥、菌肥、专用肥、控释肥)对黄芪产量和质量的影响,发现合理的施入不同类型肥料均可不同程度促进黄芪植株的生长,增加黄芪地上地下鲜干重,刺激有效成分黄酮、皂苷等的累积。进而提高黄芪产量及质量。但不同产地对肥料的需求量有较大差别,其中氮肥为30.00~546.90 kg/hm^(2);微肥:2.25~75.00 kg/hm^(2);有机肥为1 500~7 500 kg/hm^(2);菌肥:1.20~606.00 kg/hm^(2);有机-无机配施为8 kg/hm^(2)+0.4 kg/hm^(2)-2400 kg/hm^(2)+600 kg/hm^(2);专用肥:1 050~4 500 kg/hm^(2);控释肥:300~500 kg/hm^(2)。分析原因主要与产地土壤肥力程度、区域生态环境、肥料配方、生产目标等有关。建议制定科学有效的施肥方案,需综合考虑黄芪产地土壤质地、生产目标等因素。为黄芪规范化栽培,保证其品质提供思路及参考。
Irregular fertilization is often found in Radix Astragali cultivation,which seriously affects its quality.We have outlined the effects on the yield and quality of Astragalus membranaceus for different fertilizer types(nitro-gen fertilizer,microbial fertilizer,organic fertilizer,bacterial fertilizer,specialized fertilizer,and controlled release fertil-izer).And find that the reasonable application of different types of fertilizer can improve the yield and quality of A.membranaceus to different degrees,but the demand for fertilizer in different producing areas is quite different,among which the nitrogen fertilizer is 30~546.9 kg/hm^(2);microbial fertilizer:2.25~75 kg/hm^(2);organic fertilizer:1500~7500 kg/hm^(2);bacterial fertilizer:1.2~606 kg/hm^(2);organic-inorganic application:8 kg/hm^(2)+0.4 kg/hm^(2)~2400 kg/hm^(2)+600 kg/hm^(2);specialized fertilizer:1050~4500 kg/hm^(2);controlled release fertilizer:300~500 kg/hm^(2).The reasons are mainly related to soil fertility,regional ecological environment,fertilizer formula and pro-duction target,etc.Lastly,it is suggested to formulate a scientific and effective fertilization program,which should con-sider soil quality of the fields,and combine various factors such as production objectives.Overall,this review aims to provides insights on improving the proper application of fertilizers in the cultivation of A.membranaceus.