文献类型：期刊文献

英文题名：Intercellular Mitochondrial Transfer in the Nervous System: Roles of Tunneling Nanotubes, Mitochondrial Extracellular Vesicles, and Neuroimmune Bioenergetic Interactions

作者：Wei, Xing[1];Liu, Fuxian[2];Yao, Jingxi[1];Feng, Peng[3];Xue, Fuchun[1];Shi, Zhenggang[1]

第一作者：Wei, Xing

通信作者：Shi, ZG[1]

机构：[1]Gansu Univ Chinese Med, Sch Clin Chinese Med, Lanzhou, Gansu, Peoples R China;[2]Yunnan Univ Tradit Chinese Med, Coll Tradit Chinese Med, Kunming, Yunnan, Peoples R China;[3]Hexi Univ, Sch Med, Zhangye 734400, Gansu, Peoples R China

第一机构：甘肃中医药大学

通信机构：[1]corresponding author), Gansu Univ Chinese Med, Sch Clin Chinese Med, Lanzhou, Gansu, Peoples R China.|[10735]甘肃中医药大学;

年份：2026

卷号：63

期号：1

外文期刊名：MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY

收录：;Scopus(收录号：2-s2.0-105051138298);WOS:【SCI-EXPANDED(收录号:WOS:001879118700003)】；

基金：This work was supported by the Regional Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 82460951), entitled "Mechanistic Study on the Anti-Tic Effects of Changpu-Yujin Through Inhibition of Pyroptosis via the Mitophagy-NLRP3/Caspase-1/GSDMD Signaling Pathway."

语种：英文

外文关键词：Intercellular mitochondrial transfer; Tunneling nanotubes; Mitochondrial extracellular vesicles; Neuroimmune interactions; Bioenergetics; Neuroinflammation

摘要：Mitochondria are essential organelles that maintain neuronal bioenergetics, redox homeostasis, calcium signaling, and immune regulation. Traditionally, mitochondrial dysfunction has been primarily considered as an intracellular event associated with neuronal injury and neurodegeneration. However, accumulating evidence indicates that mitochondria and mitochondrial components can be transferred between cells, forming an intercellular communication network that dynamically regulates tissue homeostasis and disease progression. Intercellular mitochondrial transfer occurs through contact-dependent pathways, mainly mediated by tunneling nanotubes (TNTs), and contact-independent pathways involving mitochondrial extracellular vesicles (MitoEVs), mitochondria-derived extracellular vesicles (MDEVs), and extracellular mitochondria. In the nervous system, these pathways establish functional interactions among neurons, astrocytes, microglia, satellite glial cells, endothelial cells, and stem cells. Transferred functional mitochondria can restore bioenergetic deficits, whereas damaged mitochondria or mitochondrial components may act as danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) to amplify neuroinflammation. Here, we summarize the molecular mechanisms and biological functions of intercellular mitochondrial transfer in the nervous system, emphasizing its dual roles in bioenergetic rescue, mitochondrial quality control, and neuroimmune regulation. Understanding these processes may provide new insights into neurological disease mechanisms and therapeutic strategies targeting mitochondrial communication.