文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：半夏试管块茎和试管苗生长发育的特征特性研究

英文题名：Study on the characteristics and developmental features of in vitro tubers and plantlets of Pinellia ternata(Thunb.)Breit.

作者：王进秀[1,2];樊慧[1,2];张延红[1,2];何春雨[1,2];郭清毅[1,2];王琳佳[1,2];徐子杰[1,2]

第一作者：王进秀

机构：[1]甘肃中医药大学药学院,甘肃兰州730000;[2]天然药用种质资源挖掘与新品种选育协同创新中心,甘肃兰州730000

第一机构：甘肃中医药大学药学院（西北中藏药协同创新中心办公室）

年份：2025

卷号：36

期号：20

起止页码：3890

中文期刊名：时珍国医国药

外文期刊名：JOURNAL OF LI-SHIZHEN TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICINE

收录：;北大核心:【北大核心2023】；

基金：甘肃省联合基金项目(24JRRA877);甘肃省重点研发计划项目(24YFNA007);甘肃省高等学校产业支撑计划项目(2020C-09/2024CYZC-40)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：半夏;试管块茎;多次抽苗;生长发育;淀粉

外文关键词：Pinellia ternata(Thunb.)Breit.;I In vitro tuber;Multiple shoot emergence;Growth and development;Starch

摘要：目的 探明半夏试管块茎多次抽苗过程中形态、淀粉粒和淀粉酶的变化,为高效调控半夏试管块茎生长发育以及人工种茎培育提供理论依据。方法 以半夏试管块茎为材料,测定1~5代试管半夏植株的形态指标,并采用石蜡切片技术研究块茎淀粉酶以及淀粉粒分布和积累的变化。结果 随着代数的增加,植株逐渐生长的高大健壮,块茎也随之长大成熟,3代块茎开始形成三出复叶和珠芽。蔗糖合成酶(SS)、蔗糖磷酸合成酶(SPS)和淀粉磷酸化酶(SP)活性随着抽苗次数的增加呈现出先增加后减少的趋势,3代块茎中三种酶活性达到峰值。块茎多次抽苗时,淀粉粒数量先增加后减少,3代块茎中淀粉积累最多,淀粉粒的体积随着代数的增加而变大。结论 半夏试管块茎与自然条件下半夏块茎的形态组织结构、生长发育特性相似,可作为人工种茎使用。但在多次成苗的过程中逐渐成熟老化,因此生产中宜选用活力旺盛的2代试管块茎作种茎用。
Objective To investigate the changes in morphology,starch granules,and starch enzyme activity during multiple shoot emergence from in vitro tubers of Pinellia ternata(Thunb.)Breit.(PT),providing a theoretical basis for efficient regulation of tissue-cultured tubers of PT and artificial seed tuber production.Methods Morphological indexes derived from 1-5 generations of tissue-cultured tubers of PT were measured.Paraffin sectioning techniques were employed to study changes in starch enzyme activity and starch granule distribution/accumulation in vitro tubers.Results With increasing generation number,plants grew taller and tubers increased in size.Third-generation tubers produced plants with trifoliolate leaves and bulbils.Activities of sucrose synthase(SS),sucrose phosphate synthase(SPS),and starch phosphorylase(SP)peaked in third-generation tubers(initial increase followed by decrease).Starch granule number showed similar trend,with highest accumulation in third-generation tubers.Starch granule volume increased with generations.Conclusion Tissue-cultured tubers of PT exhibit morphology and growth characteristics similar to natural PT,validating their use as artificial seed tubers.Due to maturation during shoot emergence cycles,vigorously vital second-generation in vitro tubers are optimal for production.