文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：复合菌剂调控连作当归根围土壤养分及对产量的影响

英文题名：Effects of complex bacterium inoculants on rhizosphere soil nutrients and yield of Angelica sinensis in continuous cropping

作者：杨涛[1,2];姚阳阳[3];王治业[1,2];党昇荣[4];毛婷[1,2];牛永艳[1,2];彭桐[3];王引权[3]

第一作者：杨涛

机构：[1]甘肃省科学院生物研究所,甘肃兰州730000;[2]甘肃省微生物资源开发利用重点实验室,甘肃兰州730000;[3]甘肃中医药大学药学院,甘肃兰州730000;[4]甘肃绿能农业科技股份有限公司,甘肃武威733000

第一机构：甘肃省科学院生物研究所,甘肃兰州730000

年份：2022

卷号：49

期号：7

起止页码：2648

中文期刊名：微生物学通报

外文期刊名：Microbiology China

收录：CSTPCD;;北大核心:【北大核心2020】；CSCD:【CSCD2021_2022】；

基金：甘肃省重点研发计划(21YF1FA353);甘肃省科学院产业化基金(2019YC-02);甘肃省科学院创新团队计划项目(2019CX004-01);双一流重大科研项目(GSSYLXM-05)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：当归;假单胞菌属;土壤酶活;速效养分

外文关键词：Angelica sinensis(Oliv.)Diels;Pseudomonas;soil enzyme activities;available nutrients

摘要：【背景】连作可引起微生物群落结构失调,导致土壤环境恶化、养分循环不畅、当归[Angelica sinensis(Oliv.)Diels]产量降低,通过现代微生物技术改良土壤、消减连作障碍势在必行。【目的】于大田条件下,研究施用复合菌剂对当归根围土壤酶活、速效养分及产量的影响,明确增产机制,改进增产措施。【方法】利用溶磷圈法检测不同菌株溶磷活性、乙炔还原法检测固氮活性、试剂盒法检测过氧化物酶和硝化能力;复合菌剂T1[荧光假单胞菌(Pseudomonas fluorescens)CBS5、产碱假单胞菌(Pseudomonas alcaligenes)CBS7、嗜冷假单胞菌(Pseudomonas extremaustralis)CBSB、生枝动胶菌(Zoogloea ramigera)CBS4]和T2(荧光假单胞菌CBS5、产碱假单胞菌CBS7、嗜冷假单胞菌CBSB)及对照CK(无菌马铃薯葡萄糖肉汤培养基)分别处理连作当归,分光光度法测定根围土壤及根中养分循环、转化相关酶活,氮、磷、钾速效养分含量;常规方法测产量;统计软件进行相关数据方差分析和主成分分析。【结果】产碱假单胞菌CBS7溶磷能力弱,不同菌株均具有固氮、过氧化物酶活性和硝化能力,生枝动胶菌CBS4高于其他菌株。与不接种对照相比,T1和T2处理均显著提高当归根系生长旺盛期和生长末期根围土壤碳、氮分解代谢相关酶的活性,降低碱性磷酸酶活性;提高土壤速效钾、硝态氮、铵态氮、速效氮、根中铵态氮、硝态氮含量及根中硝酸还原酶活性;促进根系的生长,提高了产量。与T2相比,T1显著提高根系生长旺盛期土壤蔗糖酶和脲酶活性;提高了土壤铵态氮、速效氮和根中铵态氮含量;于生长末期提高了土壤硝态氮、速效氮、根中铵态氮、硝态氮含量及根中硝酸还原酶活性。【结论】复合菌剂T1和T2活化了根围土壤钾素;通过硝化作用可提高根围土壤硝态氮比例,缓解高浓度的铵盐对根系生长的毒害作用。当归通过主动运输硝态氮,能提高根中硝态氮与铵态氮的比值;根中硝酸还原酶活性提高,促进硝态氮向铵态氮转化,从而提高氮素吸收利用效率;综合效应T1大于T2。
[Background]Continuous cropping causes imbalance in microbial community structure,deterioration of soil environment,poor nutrient cycling,and thus the yield reduction of Angelica sinensis(Oliv.)Diels.Therefore,it is imperative to improve soil by modern microbial technology and reduce continuous cropping obstacles.[Objective]To explore the effects of complex bacterium inoculants on rhizosphere soil enzyme activities,available nutrients,and yield of A.sinensis,clarify the yield-improving mechanism,and improve the measures for increasing yield.[Methods]The phosphorus-solubilizing activity of different strains was detected based on the halo zone,nitrogen-fixing activity by acetylene reduction assay,and peroxidase activity and nitrifying ability with kits.Complex bacterium inoculants T1(Pseudomonas fluorescens CBS5,P.alcaligenes CBS7,P.extremaustralis CBSB,Zoogloea ramigera CBS4),T2(P.fluorescens CBS5,P.alcaligenes CBS7,P.extremaustralis CBSB),and CK(sterile potato dextrose broth)were used to treat A.sinensis.The activities of enzymes related to nutrient cycling and transformation,and the content of available nutrients such as nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium in rhizosphere soil were determined by spectrophotometry.The yield was measured with conventional method.Statistical software was employed for variance analysis and principal component analysis of data.[Results]CBS7 had poor phosphorus-solubilizing ability.All the strains had nitrogen-fixing ability,peroxidase activity,and nitrifying ability,which were particularly prominent in CBS4.Compared with the CK,T1 and T2 significantly increased the activities of enzymes related to soil carbon and nitrogen metabolism and decreased the activity of soil alkaline phosphatase at the vigorous growth stage and late growth stage of A.sinensis root.They improved the content of available potassium,nitrate nitrogen,ammonium nitrogen,and available nitrogen in soil,content of ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen in root,and the nitrate reductase activity in root.Moreover,they promoted the root growth of A.sinensis and increased the yield.Compared with T2,T1 significantly enhanced the activities of sucrase and urease in soil,and raised the content of ammonium nitrogen and available nitrogen in soil and the content of ammonium nitrogen in root during the vigorous growth stage of root,and T1 improved the content of nitrate nitrogen and available nitrogen in soil,content of ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen in root,and nitrate reductase activity in root at the late growth stage of root.[Conclusion]T1 and T2 activated potassium in rhizosphere soil and improved the proportion of nitrate nitrogen in rhizosphere soil by nitrification to alleviate the toxicity of the high-concentration ammonium salt to root.The ratio of nitrate nitrogen to ammonia nitrogen in root was increased by active transport of nitrate nitrogen in A.sinensis.Then the nitrate reductase activity in root was improved,promoting the transformation of nitrate nitrogen to ammonium nitrogen and nitrogen utilization.In a word,T1 and T2 promoted the absorption and utilization of nutrients,particularly T1.