文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：2022年兰州市中小学生视力现况及其影响因素分析

英文题名：Status and influencing factors of visual health of children and adolescents in Lanzhou in 2022

作者：茹柯耶·亚森[1];许文娟[1];任茜[1];张嘉炫[1];王小阳[1];燕振国[1];靳利梅[1];胡继宏[1]

第一作者：茹柯耶·亚森

机构：[1]甘肃中医药大学公共卫生学院,甘肃兰州730000

第一机构：甘肃中医药大学公共卫生学院

年份：2025

卷号：41

期号：3

起止页码：282

中文期刊名：中国健康教育

外文期刊名：Chinese Journal of Health Education

收录：;北大核心:【北大核心2023】；

语种：中文

中文关键词：儿童青少年;近视;患病率;现况调查

外文关键词：Children and adolescents;Myopia;Prevalence;Cross-sectional study

摘要：目的了解2022年兰州市中小学校学生视力健康状况,并探讨影响学生近视的主要因素。方法于2022年1—8月,采用分层整群随机抽样方法抽取兰州市47所学校(28所小学,19所中学)的53227名学生进行视力检查和屈光检测。结果53227名学生中,总体近视患病率为80.1%,仅单眼近视率为12.4%,双眼均近视率为67.7%;女性总体近视患病率(82.4%)高于男性(78.1%)(χ^(2)=152.713,P<0.001),仅单眼近视率女性患病率(11.6%)低于男性(13.0%)(χ^(2)=22.794,P<0.001),双眼均近视女性患病率(70.7%)高于男性(65.1%)(χ^(2)=193.633,P<0.001);仅单眼近视中,汉族与少数民族近视率相近,且差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.211,P=0.646),双眼均近视与总体近视中,汉族患病率(68.4%,80.7%)高于少数民族(64.6%,77.1%),且差异具有统计学意义(χ^(2)=49.185,P<0.001;χ^(2)=61.357,P<0.001);随着年级的增加,学生总体近视患病率呈现明显的上升趋势(χ^(2)=2199.494,P<0.001),在仅单眼近视中,随着年级的增加,患病率呈现降低的趋势(χ^(2)=49.185,P<0.001)。多因素分析结果显示,女性(OR=1.308,95%CI:1.252~1.367)、汉族(OR=1.145,95%CI:1.082~1.211)、4~6年级(OR=1.438,95%CI:1.365~1.515)、初中年级(OR=2.518,95%CI:2.367~2.678)、高中年级(OR=5.000,95%CI:4.618~5.415)是儿童青少年近视的危险因素。结论兰州市儿童青少年近视率仍处于较高水平,女性性别和民族为汉族与近视发生密切相关,且随着年级的增加有严重化趋势。
Objective To understand the visual health status of students in primary and secondary schools in Lanzhou in 2022,and to explore the main factors affecting students'myopia.Methods From January to August 2022,a stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select 53227 students from 47 schools(28 primary schools and 19secondary schools)in Lanzhou City for visual acuity examination and refractive testing.Results Among the 53227students,the overall myopia prevalence rate was 80.1%.The rate of monocular myopia was 12.4%,the myopia rate of both eyes was 67.7%.The overall prevalence rate of myopia in female(82.4%)was higher than that in male(78.1%)(χ^(2)=152.713,P<0.001).The prevalence rate of monocular myopia in female(11.6%)was lower than that in male(13.0%)(χ^(2)=22.794,P<0.001).The prevalence rate of myopia in both eyes in female(70.7%)was higher than that in male(65.1%)(χ^(2)=193.633,P<0.001).The monocular myopia rate of Han ethnicity and non-Han ethnicity was similar(P=0.646),the prevalence of myopia in both eyes and overall myopia in Han ethnicity(68.4%,80.7%)was higher than that in non-Han ethnicity(64.6%,77.1%,χ^(2)=49.185,P<0.001;χ^(2)=61.357,P<0.001).With the higher of grade,the overall prevalence rate of myopia in students showed a obvious increasing trend(χ^(2)=2199.494,P<0.001),in monocular myopia,the prevalence rate showed a decreasing trend with the increase of grade(χ^(2)=49.185,P<0.001).Multivariate analysis showed that female(OR=1.308,95%CI:1.252-1.367),Han ethnicity(OR=1.145,95%CI:1.082-1.211),grade 4 to 6 primary school(OR=1.438,95%CI:1.365-1.515),middle school(OR=2.518,95%CI:2.367-2.678),high school(OR=5.000,95%CI:4.618-5.415)were risk factors for myopia in children and adolescents.Conclusion The myopia rate of children and adolescents in Lanzhou is still at a high level.The gender and ethnicity of women are closely related to the occurrence of myopia,and there is a serious trend with the increase of grade.