文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：不同干燥方法对龙脑樟叶品质的影响

英文题名：Effect of Different Drying Methods on Quality of Cinnamomum camphora Leaves

作者：荔淑楠[1];王引权[1,2];徐名刷[3];李建文[3];张卫平[3];樊秦[1];雒军[1];夏琦[1]

第一作者：荔淑楠

机构：[1]甘肃中医药大学,兰州730000;[2]甘肃省中药质量与标准研究重点实验室培育基地,兰州730000;[3]广东万森生态科技发展有限公司,广东乳源512700

第一机构：甘肃中医药大学

年份：2018

卷号：24

期号：10

起止页码：72

中文期刊名：中国实验方剂学杂志

外文期刊名：Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae

收录：CSTPCD;;北大核心:【北大核心2017】；CSCD:【CSCD_E2017_2018】；

基金：甘肃省高校协同创新科技团队支持计划(2016C-05FF09);国家自然科学基金项目(81660625,81260616)

语种：中文

中文关键词：龙脑樟;干燥技术;挥发油;显微鉴别;开窍醒神

外文关键词：Cinnamomum camphora; drying technology; essential oil; microscopic identification;inducing resuscitation

摘要：目的：探讨不同干燥方法对龙脑樟叶品质的影响,为确定天然龙脑樟工业化提取工艺提供理论参考依据。方法：采用自然阴干、恒温干燥、真空干燥及真空冷冻干燥4种干燥方法分别处理龙脑樟鲜叶,观察干燥叶的外观形态及粉末显微结构;采用超声辅助水蒸气蒸馏法提取纯化挥发油,应用气相色谱-质谱联用技术（GC-MS）测定右旋龙脑、樟脑及异龙脑含量。结果：自然阴干叶组织中存在较多的类椭圆形油滴,直径0.29-1.04μm,单位面积数目1-5个/μm2,挥发油提取率和右旋龙脑含量最低,分别为2.20%和97%;恒温干燥叶组织内存在大量类方形或长方形油滴,挥发油提取率显著高于自然阴干29.28%（P〈0.05）,真空干燥叶组织内存在大量不规则或椭圆形油滴,单位面积数目显著多于自然阴干（P〈0.05）,挥发油提取率及右旋龙脑含量分别显著高于自然阴干23.42%和0.63%,真空冷冻干燥叶组织内存在大量类圆形油滴,单位面积数目最多,挥发油提取率及右旋龙脑显著高于自然阴干56.76%和1.44%。结论：不同干燥方法对龙脑樟叶中油滴数目、挥发油提取率及化学成分含量等有较大影响。干燥效果以真空冷冻干燥最好,其次为真空干燥、恒温干燥和自然阴干。综合分析设备投资、生产成本及干燥效果,表明天然龙脑樟工业化提取采用恒温干燥方法是可行的。
Objective：To explore the effects of different drying methods on the quality of Cinnamomum camphora leaves,in order to provide the theoretical reference for determining the industrial extraction process of C.camphora.Method：Fresh leaves were treated with four drying methods,such as natural drying,constant temperature blast drying,vacuum drying and vacuum freeze drying;the appearance and morphological characteristics of dried leaves,and microscopic structure of leaves powder were observed.The volatile oil was extracted and purified by ultrasonic assisted steam distillation.The ingredients of D-borneol,camphor and isoborneol were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry（GC-MS）.Result：In the naturally dried leaves,there were more oval-shaped oil droplets,with the diameter of 0.29-1.04 μm,the number of units per unit area was 1-5 pieces/μm^2,and the extraction rate of volatile oil and the content of D-borneol were 2.20% and 97%,respectively（P〈0.05）.In the constant temperature blast drying leaves,there were a large number of square or rectangular oil droplets in parenchyma cells,the extraction rate of volatile oil was significantly higher than29.28% of naturally dried ones（P〈0.05）.In the vacuum drying leaves,there were a large number of irregular or oval oil droplets in parenchyma cells,the number per unit area was significantly higher than that of naturally dried ones（P〈0.05）,the extraction rates of volatile oil and D-borneol were 23.42% and 0.63% and significantly higher than that of naturally dried ones.In the vacuum freeze drying leaves,there were a lot of intracellular circular oil droplets and the largest number of unit area,and the extraction rates of volatile oil and Dborneol were significantly higher than that of natural drying,which were 56.76% and 1.44%,respectively.Conclusion：Different drying methods have a great influence on the number of oil droplets,the extraction rate of volatile oil and the content of chemical compositions.The effect of vacuum freeze drying is the best,which is followed by vacuum drying,constant temperature blast drying and natural drying.Natural C.camphora camphor industrialized constant temperature drying method is feasible through the comprehensive analysis of equipment investment,production costs and drying effect.