文献类型：期刊文献

英文题名：The impact of antibiotic exposure on obesity and metabolic phenotypes via the gut microbiota

作者：Zhu, Baogang[1,2];Fu, Ce[1,2];Fan, Dawei[1,2];Wang, Yan[1,2];Sheng, Pengfang[1,2];Feng, Jianghua[1,2];Wang, Xiaopeng[1,2]

第一作者：Zhu, Baogang

通信作者：Wang, XP[1];Wang, XP[2]

机构：[1]Gansu Univ Chinese Med, Clin Med Coll 1, Lanzhou, Peoples R China;[2]Gansu Prov Hosp, Dept Gen Surg, Lanzhou, Peoples R China

第一机构：甘肃中医药大学

通信机构：[1]corresponding author), Gansu Univ Chinese Med, Clin Med Coll 1, Lanzhou, Peoples R China;[2]corresponding author), Gansu Prov Hosp, Dept Gen Surg, Lanzhou, Peoples R China.|[10735]甘肃中医药大学;

年份：2026

卷号：17

外文期刊名：FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY

收录：;WOS:【SCI-EXPANDED(收录号:WOS:001751217200001)】；

基金：The author(s) declared that financial support was received for this work and/or its publication. This work was funded by Education Department of Gansu Province: Graduate Innovation and Entrepreneurship Fund for Postgraduates of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine (No. 2026CXCY-135), Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province (No. 25JRRA299), General Program of the Joint Research Fund of Gansu Province (No. 23JRRA1547), Guiding Plan of Lanzhou City (No. 2024-9-3).

语种：英文

外文关键词：antibiotics; gut microbiota; metabolomics; obesity; probiotics

摘要：Antibiotics are among the most commonly used anti-infective agents in modern medicine. However, their long-term effects on the gut microbiome have attracted increasing attention. Epidemiological studies and animal experiments in recent years suggest that antibiotic exposure can disrupt the structure and function of the gut microbiota, thereby affecting host energy metabolism, fat deposition, and immune homeostasis. Such disruptions may contribute to the development of obesity and related metabolic phenotypes. Different classes of antibiotics exert markedly distinct effects on the gut microbiota. Broad-spectrum antibiotics such as macrolides, lincosamides, and fluoroquinolones often induce more pronounced and prolonged microbial alterations, whereas the effects of certain beta-lactam antibiotics appear relatively transient. Antibiotic-induced gut dysbiosis can influence host metabolism through multiple mechanisms, including reduced short-chain fatty acid production, disrupted bile acid metabolism, impaired intestinal barrier function, and chronic low-grade inflammation. These alterations may promote fat accumulation, insulin resistance, and disruption of immune homeostasis. Early-life antibiotic exposure occurs during a critical developmental window for gut microbiota maturation and may exert more profound effects on long-term metabolic health. Recent advances in multi-omics technologies have further illuminated the complex interaction network among antibiotics, the microbiome, and host metabolism. Microecological intervention strategies, such as probiotics and synbiotics, show potential for improving metabolic abnormalities associated with antibiotic-induced dysbiosis. However, their efficacy is strain-specific, and the overall effect size remains limited. This review summarizes current research progress on how antibiotic exposure influences obesity and metabolic phenotypes through the gut microbiota, outlines the underlying mechanisms, and discusses potential applications of microbiological intervention strategies. It also provides insights into antibiotic-related metabolic risks and future precision intervention approaches.