文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：新鲜唐古特大黄茎急性毒性及泻下作用研究

英文题名：Acute Toxicity and Laxative Effect of Fresh Stem from Rheum tanguticum

作者：张云鹤[1];帖晓燕[1];冯银平[1];张文广[1];王丹[1];辛国雄[1];李芸[1]

第一作者：张云鹤

机构：[1]甘肃中医药大学,兰州730000

第一机构：甘肃中医药大学

年份：2021

卷号：37

期号：4

起止页码：110

中文期刊名：中药药理与临床

外文期刊名：Pharmacology and Clinics of Chinese Materia Medica

收录：北大核心:【北大核心2020】；CSCD:【CSCD2021_2022】；

基金：甘肃省高等学校产业支撑引导项目(编号:2020C-26);甘肃省中医药管理局科研课题(编号:GZK-2018-6)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：唐古特大黄茎;水提物;急性毒性;泻下作用

外文关键词：stem from Rheum tanguticum(RTS);water extract;acute toxicity;laxative effect

摘要：目的:研究新鲜唐古特大黄茎对小鼠的急性毒性及泻下作用,为大黄茎的安全性评价和后续毒理药效实验提供参考。方法:以SPF级KM种小鼠为受试对象,测定其最大耐受量。给药后观察小鼠在14 d内所产生的毒性反应(死亡、中毒症状)及恢复情况等,同时记录各组动物给药后的体质量变化和摄食饮水情况;14 d后,测定血清中尿素氮(BUN)、肌酐(Cr)、总胆红素(TBIL)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)的水平,称量各组织质量并计算其脏器系数,苏木素-伊红(HE)染色观察各组织脏器的病理学变化,评价其急性毒性。采用炭末排出时间、排便频率和小肠推进试验共同评价其泻下作用。结果:急性毒性试验表明,唐古特大黄茎水提物的最大耐受量为300 g/kg,为成人日用剂量的2 333倍,且未见小鼠死亡、明显中毒症状和肉眼可见的脏器异常。与正常对照组比较,唐古特大黄茎300 g/kg组体质量、摄食摄水量、食物利用率无统计学差异(P>0.05);雄鼠肺脏指数明显降低,大肠指数明显增加(P<0.05);雌鼠血清中Cr、TBIL、ALT、ALP含量明显降低(P<0.05),雄鼠血清中BUN、 AST含量明显降低(P<0.05);唐古特大黄茎300 g/kg组雄鼠大肠组织有明显炎症。泻下作用研究结果表明,与正常对照组比较,唐古特大黄茎667 mg/kg组炭末排出时间明显减少(P<0.05),排便频率明显增加(P<0.05);唐古特大黄茎667、2 000 mg/kg组小肠推进率明显减少(P<0.05)。结论:唐古特大黄茎安全剂量大,属无毒级,具一定的通便作用,提示唐古特大黄茎具有一定的安全范围,可供药用。
Objective:To study the acute toxicity and laxative effect of fresh stem from Rheum tanguticum(RTS) on mice, so as to provide reference for its subsequent safety evaluation and toxicological and efficacy assessment. Methods: The maximum tolerance dose in SPF KM mice was determined. After drug administration, the toxic reactions(death and poisoning symptoms) induced with in 14 d and recovery were observed. At the same time, the body weight, food intake, and water consumption after the administration were recorded. After 14 d, the levels of blood urea nitrogen(BUN), creatinine(Cr), total bilirubin(TBIL), glutamic-pyruvic transaminase(ALT), glutamic oxalacetic transaminase(AST), and alkaline phosphatase(ALP) in serum were measured, followed by the weighing of each organ mass and the calculation of the corresponding coefficients. The htoxylin-eosin(HE) staining was conducted to observe the pathological changes in each organ and evaluate the acute toxicity. The laxative effect was evaluated based on charcoal excreting time, defecation frequency, and small intestine propulsion rate. Results: As revealed by the acute toxicity test, the maximum tolerance dose of RTS water extract was 300 g/kg, which was 2 333 times the daily dose for adults. Besides, there was no death, no obvious toxic symptoms, and no macroscopic abnormalities in organs. The body weight, water and food consumption amount, and food utilization rate in the 300 g/kg RTS group were not significantly different from those in the normal control group(P>0.05). In male mice, the lung index was significantly decreased(P<0.05), while the large intestine index was significantly increased(P<0.05). In female mice, the levels of serum Cr, TBIL, ALT, and ALP significantly declined(P<0.05). In male mice, the levels of serum BUN and AST were significantly decreased(P<0.05). Obvious inflammation was observed in large intestine of the 300 g/kg RTS group. Compared with the normal control group, the 667 mg/kg RTS group exhibited significantly shortened charcoal excreting time(P<0.05) and increased defecation frequency(P<0.05). The small intestinal propulsion rates in the 667 mg/kg and 2 000 mg/kg RTS groups were significantly decreased(P<0.05). Conclusion: RTS has a high safe dose and a certain laxative effect, enabling it to be suitable for medicinal use.