文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：桃儿七种子低温层积过程中胚形态及生理生化物质变化

英文题名：Changes of Embryo Morphology,Physiology and Biochemistry during Low Temperature Stratification of Sinopodophyllum hexandrum Seeds

作者：久西加[1];杜弢[1,2];陈红刚[1,2];李飞[1];徐宠然[1]

第一作者：久西加

机构：[1]甘肃中医药大学和政药用植物园,甘肃和政731200;[2]西北中藏药协同创新中心,兰州730000

第一机构：甘肃中医药大学

年份：2021

卷号：41

期号：12

起止页码：2096

中文期刊名：西北植物学报

外文期刊名：Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

收录：CSTPCD;;北大核心:【北大核心2020】；CSCD:【CSCD2021_2022】；

基金：财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系资助(CARS-21);甘肃省科技创新基地和人才计划项目资助(18JR2TA017)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：桃儿七;种子休眠;种胚形态;生理生化变化

外文关键词：Sinopodophyllum hexandrum;seed dormancy;seed embryo morphology;changes of physiology and biochemistry

摘要：为探究低温层积过程中桃儿七种子胚形态及生理生化变化与休眠解除的内在联系,该研究通过低温层积处理(90 d)解除桃儿七种子休眠,观测不同层积时间种子胚形态、胚率、发芽率、营养物质(淀粉、可溶性蛋白质、可溶性糖)含量、内源激素[赤霉素(GA)、吲哚乙酸(IAA)、脱落酸(ABA)]水平及呼吸途径关键限速酶[丙酮酸激酶(PK)、琥珀酸脱氢酶(SDH)、6-磷酸-葡萄糖脱氢酶(G-6-PDH)]的活性变化。结果显示:(1)在低温层积过程中,桃儿七种子胚形态为鱼雷或子叶型胚;种子发芽率在层积后期(60~75 d)显著提高(P<0.05)。(2)层积后,种子内淀粉含量及PK活性、SDH活性显著降低(P<0.05),其可溶性蛋白含量和IAA含量显著升高(P<0.05),萌发促进物和抑制物比例(GA/ABA、IAA/ABA、GA+IAA/ABA)也呈升高趋势。(3)种子胚率与其可溶性糖含量呈显著负相关关系,种子发芽率与其可溶性蛋白呈显著正相关关系(P<0.05)。研究发现,桃儿七种子无形态休眠;种子内营养物质的分解转化为种子休眠解除过程中各种代谢活动提供能量,且淀粉可能是此过程中最主要的供能物质;磷酸戊糖途径(PPP)的活化、萌发促进物和抑制物比例的升高及IAA含量的显著上升是桃儿七解除休眠的关键。
To explore the internal relationship between embryo morphology,physiological and biochemical changes and dormancy release of Sinopodophyllum hexandrum seeds in the process of low temperature stratification,we relieved seed dormancy by low temperature stratification treatment in this study.The changes of embryo morphology,embryo rate,germination,content of nutrients(starch,soluble protein,soluble sugar),levels of endogenous hormones[gibberellin(GA),indoleacetic acid(IAA),abscisic acid(ABA)]and activities of key rate-limiting enzymes in respiratory pathway[pyruvate kinase(PK),succinate dehydrogenase(SDH)and 6-phosphate-glucose dehydrogenase(G-6-PDH)]were measured at different stratification time points.The results showed that:(1)the seed embryo of S.hexandrum was torpedo or cotyledon embryo,the germination rate of seeds increased significantly at the late stage of stratification(60-75 days)(P<0.05).(2)During stratification,pyruvate kinase(PK)activity and succinate dehydrogenase(SDH)activity decreased significantly(P<0.05),while soluble protein content and indoleacetic acid(IAA)content increased significantly(P<0.05),and the ratio of germination promoters and inhibitors(GA/ABA,IAA/ABA,GA+IAA/ABA)also increased.(3)Seed embryo rate was negatively correlated with soluble sugar content,and seed germination rate was positively correlated with soluble protein content.It was found that there was no morphological dormancy in S.hexandrum seeds,the decomposition and transformation of nutrients in seeds provided energy for various metabolic activities in the process of seed dormancy release,and starch was probably the most important energy supplying substance in this process,and the activation of pentose phosphate pathway(PPP),the increase of the proportion of germination promoters and inhibitors(GA/ABA,IAA/ABA,GA+IAA/ABA)and the significant increase of IAA content were the key to dormancy release.