文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：不同基因型春蚕豆对磷胁迫的适应性反应

英文题名：Adaptable effects of phosphorus stress on different genotypes of faba-bean

作者：张恩和[1];张新慧[1];王惠珍[2]

第一作者：张恩和

机构：[1]甘肃农业大学农学院;[2]甘肃中医学院药学院

第一机构：甘肃农业大学农学院

年份：2004

卷号：24

期号：8

起止页码：1589

中文期刊名：生态学报

外文期刊名：Acta Ecologica Sinica

收录：CSTPCD;;Scopus;北大核心:【北大核心2000】；CSCD:【CSCD2011_2012】；

基金：国家重点基础研究发展规划 ( G2 0 0 0 0 1860 2 );甘肃省自然科学基金 ( ZS991-A2 1-0 3 0 -N)资助项目~~

语种：中文

中文关键词：春蚕豆;基因型;低磷胁迫;根系;酸性磷酸酶活性,适应性

外文关键词：Spring faba-bean; genotype; phosphrus deficiency; root; acid phosphates (Apase); adaptability

摘要：利用不同作物或品种吸收利用土壤磷能力的差异提高磷素营养效率 ,是解决磷资源短缺的重要生物学途径。选择西北地区重要经济作物春蚕豆作为研究对象 ,选用 3个不同春蚕豆品种 (系 ) ,采用严重缺磷的碱性灌淤土 ,利用盆栽法研究了在不同供磷水平下不同基因型蚕豆的根系形态特征、酸性磷酸酶活性 (APase)及产量的表现 ,探讨不同基因型蚕豆对低磷胁迫的适应性反应。结果表明 :在整个生长过程中根长、根半径、根比表面积和根冠比变动最明显的是临蚕 5号 ,分别为 36 .4 0 % ,6 5 .10 %、6 5 .2 7%和 13.4 6 % ;缺磷条件下 ,蚕豆主要通过减小根半径 ,增加根长、根表面积 ,提高根冠比及体内酸性磷酸酶活性来实现对低磷胁迫的适应 ;不同基因型对低磷胁迫的适应能力不同 ;缺磷胁迫明显诱导各基因型蚕豆体内酸性磷酸酶活性的上升 ,临蚕5号增加最快为 2 4 .9% ,84 0 9为 7.79% ,835 4为 7.2 9% ;同一基因型的不同器官中酸性磷酸酶活性大小表现为根系 >茎部 >叶片。根系酸性磷酸酶和根系形态参数可分别作为蚕豆耐低磷品种筛选的选择指标 ;缺磷导致作物减产 ,并且不同的基因型作物减产的幅度不同 ,临蚕 5号缺磷比施磷减产 30 .98% ,而 835 4的产量在两个磷水平下变化不明显 ,说明临蚕 5号对磷素的反应最强烈 ,为磷低?
Different crops or varieties have different ability in uptake and utilisation of soil phosphorus (P). Using crop varieties with high phosphorus use efficiency (PUE) is one of important biological ways to alleviate shortage of P resources. Three spring faba-bean varieties (lines), LC5, 8354 and 8409, were sown in a high P deficiency alkaline soil to study the effect of P deficiency on grain yield. A pot experiment was conducted to study adaptable effects of P deficiency on root ecological and physiological characteristics, root acid phosphates (Apase), soil Apase and the yield of faba-bean. Results showed that root length (RL), root radius (RR), root surface area (RSA), and the root/canopy ratio (R/C) of LC5 changed significantly during growing period (36.5%, 6.51% and 13.4%, respectively). Under condition of P deficiency, different genotypes of faba-bean showed different adaptable ability to P deficiency. LC5 increased its R/C and activity of Apase by decreasing RR, increasing RL and RSA due to P deficiency. Induced by P deficiency, Apase activity of LC5 increased by 24.9%, followed by 8354 (7.79%) and 8409 (7.29%). In the same genotype, the order of Apase activity was root > stem > leaves. Thus, root Apase and root morphological parameter such as RL, RR, RSA, R/C could be used as selection parameters for the tolerance of P deficiency. The results from the experiment showed that P deficiency decreased the yield by 30.96% for LC5 faba-bean, whereas no significantly yield reduction was recorded with 8354 and 8409 faba-bean. Therefore, LC5 was more sensitive to P deficiency than 8354 and 8409, indicating LC5 was a variety with low PUE, but 8354 was torpidly to P deficiency than LC5, indicating was a variety with high PUE.