文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：半夏试管块茎发生和发育过程中的形态学和组织学研究

英文题名：Morphological and Histological Studies on the in Vitro Tuberogenesis and Development of Pinellia ternata

作者：孙欢[1,2,3];张延红[1,2,3];何春雨[1,2,3];郭清毅[1,2,3];陈红刚[1,2,3];何玉明[1,2,3]

第一作者：孙欢

机构：[1]甘肃中医药大学药学院,甘肃兰州730000;[2]天然药用种质资源挖掘与新品种选育协同创新中心,甘肃兰州730000;[3]甘肃中医药大学杏林百草园,甘肃兰州730000

第一机构：甘肃中医药大学药学院（西北中藏药协同创新中心办公室）

年份：2025

卷号：44

期号：1

起止页码：23

中文期刊名：中国野生植物资源

外文期刊名：Chinese Wild Plant Resources

基金：甘肃省高等学校产业支撑计划项目(1515C-09);甘肃省联合基金项目(24JRRA877);甘肃省重点研发计划项目(24YFNA007);甘肃省民生科技专项(科技特派员专题)(15CX9NA070);甘肃中医药大学成果转化培育项目(2023CGZH-18)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：半夏;试管块茎;形态学;生长发育;淀粉粒积累

外文关键词：Pinellia ternata(Thunb.)Breit.;In vitro tubers;Morphology;Growth and development;Accumulation of starch granules

摘要：目的:探明半夏试管块茎发生和发育过程中淀粉粒分布和积累的规律,为高效调控半夏块茎发生和生长、提高半夏产量和品质提供理论支撑。方法:以半夏叶柄为外植体,根据试管块茎发生过程中的形态学变化,划分块茎发生和发育时期。采用石蜡切片技术观测块茎不同时期组织、细胞中淀粉粒的分布和数量变化。结果:根据形态学划分,半夏试管块茎发生过程可分为6个时期,即叶柄期(0 d)、膨大期(9 d)、球形期(14 d)、芽点期(19 d)、芽尖期(25 d)和成苗期(40 d),从接种叶柄至块茎萌发成苗需要40 d左右。从组织学角度来看,叶柄期淀粉粒零散分布在表皮下的薄壁细胞以及维管束和导管周围的薄壁细胞中,数量极少;随着块茎的膨大和发育,薄壁细胞脱分化发生分裂增殖,淀粉粒逐渐积累,且呈极性分布,同时淀粉粒体积也逐渐增大。结论:半夏块茎的发生与发育是细胞分裂、细胞膨大及淀粉粒积累共同作用的结果。
Objective:To investigate the patterns of starch granules distribution and accumulation during in vitro tubers occurrence and development of Pinellia ternata,providing theoretical support for effectively regulating the occurrence and growth of tubers,and enhancing the yield and quality of P.ternata.Methods:The petioles of P.ternata were used as explants,and the stages of tuber genesis and development were divided based on the morphological changes during the formation of in vitro tubers.Paraffin sectioning was used to observe the distribution and quantity changes of starch granules in tuber tissues and cells at different times.Results:According to the morphological classification,the process of in vitro tubers development in P.ternata could be divided into six periods:the petiole period(0 d),the swollen period(9 d),the spherical period(14 d),the bud point period(19 d),the shoot apices period(25 d),and the plantlet period(40 d).This process took around 40 days from the petiole explanted to the tuber sprouting into a plantlet.By histologically observation,during the petiole period,starch granules were mainly found in parenchyma cells under the epidermis,with only a few dispersed around vascular bundles and ducts.As the tuber expanded and developed,the parenchyma cells dedifferentiated,divided and proliferated accumulation,and starch granules gradually accumulated with a polar distribution and an increase in size.Conclusion:The occurrence and development of P.ternata tubers were the result of cell division,cell expansion and starch granules accumulation.