文献类型：期刊文献

英文题名：The tumor microenvironment in lung cancer: Heterogeneity, therapeutic resistance and emerging treatment strategies (Review)

作者：Liu, Li[1];Yang, Li[2];Li, Hongmin[1];Shang, Tianlu[1];Liu, Lihan[1]

第一作者：刘立;刘莉;刘丽;刘黎

通信作者：Liu, LH[1]

机构：[1]Gansu Univ Chinese Med, Affiliated Hosp 3, Dept Thorac Surg, 222 Silong Rd, Baiyin 730900, Gansu, Peoples R China;[2]Gansu Univ Chinese Med, Affiliated Hosp 3, Dept Oncol, Baiyin 730900, Gansu, Peoples R China

第一机构：甘肃中医药大学

通信机构：[1]corresponding author), Gansu Univ Chinese Med, Affiliated Hosp 3, Dept Thorac Surg, 222 Silong Rd, Baiyin 730900, Gansu, Peoples R China.|[10735]甘肃中医药大学;

年份：2026

卷号：68

期号：1

外文期刊名：INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY

收录：;WOS:【SCI-EXPANDED(收录号:WOS:001630154000001)】；

基金：Not applicable.

语种：英文

外文关键词：lung cancer; tumor microenvironment; therapeutic resistance; immune evasion; metabolic reprogramming; epigenetic modulation; therapeutic strategies; clinical application

摘要：Lung cancer remains a leading cause of cancer-related death. Despite advances in targeted therapies and immunotherapy, treatment outcomes remain suboptimal due to tumor heterogeneity and therapeutic resistance. The tumor microenvironment (TME), a dynamic ecosystem comprising immune cells, stromal components, extracellular matrix and bioactive molecules, serves a critical role in promoting tumor progression and resistance. The present review comprehensively analyzes the molecular mechanisms underlying TME-mediated immune evasion, and resistance to chemotherapy, radiotherapy and immunotherapy. In addition, emerging therapeutic strategies targeting the TME are highlighted, such as immune microenvironment modulation, metabolic and epigenetic interventions, and nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems. By integrating multi-omics datasets and spatial transcriptomics, TME-directed interventions are moving toward biomarker-guided, personalized regimens.