文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：高CO_2浓度对两种色型豌豆蚜体内营养物质含量及消化酶活性的影响

英文题名：Effects of elevated CO_2 concentration on nutrient contents and digestive enzyme activities in two color morphs of the pea aphid,Acyrthosiphon pisum(Hemiptera:Aphididae)

作者：李润红[1,2,3];刘长仲[2]

第一作者：李润红

机构：[1]甘肃农业大学资源环境学院,兰州730070;[2]甘肃农业大学植物保护学院,兰州730070;[3]甘肃中医药大学定西校区生化系,甘肃定西743000

第一机构：甘肃农业大学资源环境学院,兰州730070

年份：2016

卷号：59

期号：12

起止页码：1298

中文期刊名：昆虫学报

外文期刊名：Acta Entomologica Sinica

收录：CSTPCD;;Scopus;北大核心:【北大核心2014】；CSCD:【CSCD2015_2016】；

基金：国家自然科学基金项目(31660522)

语种：中文

中文关键词：豌豆蚜;CO2浓度升高;蚕豆;营养物质;消化酶

外文关键词：Acyrthosiphon pisum; elevated CO2 concentration ; Vicia faba ; nutrient ; digestive enzyme

摘要：【目的】明确红、绿两种色型豌豆蚜Acyrthosiphon pisum(Harris)对大气CO_2浓度升高响应的生理机制。【方法】通过CO_2人工气候箱,设置中等浓度(550±27μL/L)和高浓度(750±37μL/L)CO_2浓度,并以当前浓度(375±18μL/L)为对照。在设置以上CO_2浓度的人工气候箱种植蚕豆苗并接入6 h以内的豌豆蚜初产若蚜,记录各虫态的蜕皮和存活情况直至羽化。测定连续3代饲养在蚕豆上的红、绿两种色型豌豆蚜体内营养物质含量和消化酶活力,同时测定蚕豆叶片组织营养物质含量。【结果】大气CO_2浓度升高可显著增加蚕豆叶片内可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖、游离氨基酸和淀粉含量。中等CO_2浓度(550±27μL/L)条件下,F0代两种色型豌豆蚜体内营养物质含量较对照均无显著变化,F_2代蛋白质、总氨基酸、可溶性糖和糖原含量较对照均显著增加,总脂肪和游离脂肪酸含量较对照显著降低,且F_2代绿色型豌豆蚜体内可溶性糖含量显著高于红色型的。高CO_2浓度(750±37μL/L)条件下,3世代两种色型豌豆蚜体内蛋白质、总氨基酸、可溶性糖和糖原含量均显著高于对照,总脂肪和游离脂肪酸含量显著低于对照。其中,F1和F_2代绿色型豌豆蚜体内蛋白质、总氨基酸、可溶性糖和糖原含量显著高于红色型的。CO_2浓度(550±27和750±37μL/L)升高条件下,F0代两种色型豌豆蚜体内消化酶活力较对照无显著变化,F_2代胃蛋白酶和胰蛋白酶活力较对照显著降低,脂肪酶和淀粉酶活力显著升高,3世代两色型间消化酶活力均无显著差异。【结论】高CO_2浓度下,蚕豆叶片组织营养物质含量发生改变从而引起以之为食的豌豆蚜体内营养物质含量与消化酶活力的变化,且绿色型豌豆蚜体内蛋白质、总氨基酸、可溶性糖和糖原含量的变化大于红色型豌豆蚜的,这对未来大气CO_2浓度升高的环境下豆科植物主要害虫豌豆蚜的防治具有参考价值。
【Aim】 To clarify the physiological mechanisms of the red and green color morphs of the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum （Harris）, in response to elevated CO2 concentration. 【Methods】 Two elevated levels of CO2 concentration （moderate： 550±27 μL/L; doubling： 750±37 μL/L） were manipulated in incubators with ambient CO2 （375±18 μL/L） as the control. Vicia faba seedlings were planted in the above incubators, nymphs of the pea aphid within 6 h were introduced later, and molting and the survival in various developmental stages were recorded until the adult. Nutrient contents and digestive enzyme activities of two color （red and green） morphs of the pea aphid in three successive generations and nutrient contents in V. faba leaves were assayed. 【Results】 Elevated CO2 concentration significantly enhanced the contents of soluble protein, soluble carbohydrates, free amino acids and starch in V. faba leaves. Under the moderate CO2 concentration （550±27 μL/L） condition, the nutrient contents in F0 generation of the two color morphs of the pea aphid had no significant difference as compared with the control, while the contents of protein, total amino acids, soluble carbohydrates and glycogen in F2 generation all increased and the contents of total lipid and free fatty acids decreased significantly, and moreover the content of soluble carbohydrates in F2 generation of green pea aphid was significantly higher than that in red pea aphid. Under the doubling CO2 concentration （750±37 μL/L） condition, the contents of protein, total amino acids, soluble carbohydrates and glycogen in three successive generations of the two color morphs all increased significantly and the contents of total lipid and free fatty acids decreased significantly as compared with the control, and moreover the contents of protein, total amino acids, and glycogen in the F1 and F2 generations of green pea aphid were significantly higher than those in red pea aphid. Under the elevated CO2 concentration （550±27 and 750±37 μL/L） conditions, the digestive enzyme activities in F0 generation of two color morphs of the pea aphid had no significant difference as compared with the control, while the pepsin and trypsin activities in F2 generation decreased significantly and those of lipase and amylase increased significantly, and moreover the digestive enzyme activities had no significant difference between the two color morphs.【Conclusion】 Under the elevated CO2 concentration, the change in nutrient composition in broad bean leaf causes the change in nutrient composition and digestive enzyme activities in pea aphids feeding the disposed V. faba leaves. Additionally, the changes in contents of protein, total amino acids, soluble carbohydrates and glycogen in the green morph of the pea aphid are more significant than those in the red morph. These results provide some references for controlling the pea aphid, the main pest in leguminous plants, under the elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration condition in the future.