文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：遗传与表观遗传对肥胖型哮喘发生的影响

英文题名：Impact of genetics and epigenetics on the development of obesity-related asthma

作者：张常莉[1];马建秀[2];马悦[2];张倩[2];董清赫[2];冶秀英[2];雷泽林[3]

第一作者：张常莉

机构：[1]甘肃中医药大学第一临床医学院,兰州730030;[2]西北民族大学医学部,兰州730030;[3]兰州大学第一医院呼吸科,兰州730030

第一机构：甘肃中医药大学临床医学院

年份：2026

卷号：23

期号：1

起止页码：149

中文期刊名：保健医学研究与实践

外文期刊名：Health Medicine Research and Practice

基金：国家自然科学基金项目(81960017);甘肃省自然科学基金项目(23JRRA1593)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：肥胖型哮喘;遗传易感位点;表观遗传修饰;代谢-免疫交叉通路;基因-环境交互

外文关键词：Obesity-related asthma;Genetic susceptibility loci;Epigenetic modifications;Metabolic-immune crosstalk pathways;Gene-environment interaction

摘要：肥胖型哮喘是一种具有独特临床特征的异质性疾病,其发病机制复杂,涉及遗传易感性、表观遗传调控以及环境暴露等多重因素影响。遗传因素通过定位肥胖与哮喘的共享易感位点,调控代谢与免疫交叉通路,为肥胖型哮喘的发生发展奠定基础。表观遗传机制通过DNA甲基化、组蛋白修饰以及非编码RNA调控等方式,在不改变DNA序列的前提下,动态调节炎症基因的表达,介导环境因素对疾病的诱发作用。此外,环境因素可通过重塑表观遗传景观和放大遗传易感效应,进一步加剧“脂肪炎症-气道高反应性”恶性循环。本文将系统性地综述遗传与表观遗传在肥胖型哮喘中的作用机制,重点解析“遗传位点-表观修饰-环境暴露”之间的交互作用,为肥胖型哮喘的精准预测、靶点开发及个性化治疗提供新的理论支撑。
Obesity-related asthma is a heterogeneous disease with distinct clinical features.Its pathogenesis is complex,involving multiple factors including genetic susceptibility,epigenetic regulation,and environmental exposure.Genetic factors lay the foundation for the development and progression of obesity-related asthma by identifying shared susceptibility loci for obesity and asthma and regulating metabolic-immune crosstalk pathways.Epigenetic mechanisms,through DNA methylation,histone modifications,and non-coding RNA regulation,dynamically regulate the expression of inflammatory genes without altering the DNA sequence,mediating the inducing effects of environmental factors on the disease.Furthermore,environmental factors can further exacerbate the vicious cycle of“adipose inflammation-airway hyperresponsiveness”by reshaping the epigenetic landscape and amplifying genetic susceptibility effects.This article systematically reviews the mechanisms of genetics and epigenetics in obesity-related asthma,focusing on the interplay among“genetic loci-epigenetic modifications-environmental exposure,”to provide a new theoretical basis for precise prediction,target development,and personalized treatment of obesity-related asthma.