文献类型：期刊文献

中文题名：沼液还田对蒙古黄芪生长及质量的影响

英文题名：Effects of returning biogas slurry to fields on the growth and quality of Astragalus membranaceus var.mongholicus

作者：陆国弟[1];侯嘉[1];杨扶德[1];杜弢[1]

第一作者：陆国弟

机构：[1]甘肃中医药大学药学院,甘肃兰州730101

第一机构：甘肃中医药大学药学院（西北中藏药协同创新中心办公室）

年份：2025

卷号：42

期号：3

起止页码：719

中文期刊名：草业科学

外文期刊名：Pratacultural Science

收录：;北大核心:【北大核心2023】；

基金：国家自然科学基金项目(8246075);甘肃省科技厅自然基金项目(22JR5RA592);甘肃省教育厅青年博士基金项目(2022QB-099);国家中药材产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-21)。

语种：中文

中文关键词：沼液;蒙古黄芪;生理指标;生物量;黄酮类成分;皂苷类成分

外文关键词：biogas slurry;Astragalus membranaceus var.mongholicus;physiological index;biomass;flavonoid component;saponin component

摘要：沼液为厌氧发酵的优质有机肥,可替代化肥或配施化肥施用于农田,提高中草药产量及其品质。为探究沼液还田对蒙古黄芪(Astragalus membranaceus var.mongholicus)生长及质量的影响,本研究以清水和化肥处理为对照,研究不同施用方式下(B1:喷洒,B2:追肥,B3:喷洒+追肥)沼液浓度(A1:100%浓度沼液;A2:80%浓度沼液;A3:50%浓度沼液)对整个生长期蒙古黄芪生理、生物量及有效成分含量的影响。结果显示:1)整个生长期11个处理的各指标基本呈先升后降趋势。2)沼液单独喷洒,以80%浓度沼液处理的各指标效果较佳,且显著优于化肥处理(P<0.05)。3)追肥后,相比其他10个处理,80%浓度沼液追肥处理可显著增加成药期蒙古黄芪叶绿素含量、抗氧化酶活性和渗透调节物质含量,增加地上和地下根的产量(P<0.05)。且蒙古黄芪根中有效成分毛蕊异黄酮葡萄糖苷、芒柄花苷、毛蕊异黄酮、黄芪甲苷含量,在80%浓度沼液追肥处理下分别显著高于化肥处理87.09%、60.65%、52.17%和24.21%。综合评价得出80%浓度沼液追肥处理的效果较佳。上述研究表明:适宜的沼液浓度及施用方式可增强黄芪抗逆性,提高药材生物量,改善黄芪质量。
A by-product of anaerobic fermentation,biogas slurry is a high-quality organic fertilizer that can be applied to farmland as a substitute for chemical fertilizers or in combination with chemical fertilizers to improve the yield and quality of crop plants.In this study,the effects of biogas slurry concentration(A1:100%,A2:80%,A3:50%)on the growth,physiological characteristics,yield,and quality of Astragalus membranaceus var.mongholicus were investigated by comparing the effects of BS at different application methods(B1:spraying,B2:topdressing,B3:spraying+topdressing).Water and fertilizer treatments were used as controls.The results revealed that all assessed indicators of the A.membranaceus var.mongholicus plants subjected to the 11 different treatments showed differing trends,with most of the indices showing initial increases and subsequent declines during the entire growth cycle.In response to spraying biogas slurry alone,the 80%biogas slurry treatment was found to be the most effective,and was significantly superior to that of the chemical fertilizer treatment(P<0.05).Following topdressing,compared with the other 10 treatments,the 80%biogas slurry topdressing treatment was found to promote significant increases in the chlorophyll contents,activities of antioxidant enzymes,and contents of osmoregulatory substances in A.membranaceus var.mongholicus seedlings when measured during the harvest period,as well as significant increases in the yields of the aboveground and belowground biomasses.Furthermore,in response to the 80%biogas slurry topdressing treatment,we detected significant increases of 87.09%,60.65%,52.17%,and 24.21%in the contents of calycosin-7-O-β-d-glycosides,ononin,calycosin,and astragalosideⅣ,respectively,compared with the fertilizer treatment(P<0.05).The comprehensive evaluation concluded that 80%biogas slurry topdressing was more effective.These findings indicated that the appropriate concentration and application method can enhance the resistance of A.membranaceus var.mongholicus,promote increases in the biomass of medicinal components and improve the quality of A.membranaceus var.mongholicus.